Woodblock printing first achieved general acceptance when the nation entered the Edo Period (1603-1868), as Hishikawa Moronobu (1631-1694) began to produce ukiyo-e prints. Among the artifacts of the Shosoin Treasure House in Nara Prefecture, there is a picture of foreign origin that depicts such printing processes being employed to print designs on clothing approximately 1,200 years ago.įurthermore, a woodblock print known as Hyakumanto Darani ("One Million Pagodas and Dharani Prayers") was also produced at around the same time. The Moku-Hanga (woodblock print) has an especially long history in Japan. ■Traditionally Used Raw Materials Woodblocks (cherry wood), Japanese traditional paper (predominately made from paper mulberry), color pigments (black, vermilion, red, green, purple, indigo, pink, gray) ■History and Characteristics The color-specific woodblocks created during trial printing are used to apply colors one at a time. Paper is then placed face-down over the inked woodblock, and a disk-like hand tool called a baren is used to apply pressure to and rub the reverse side of the paper. The color-specific hanshita are used during trial printing.Ĭolor pigments dissolved in water are applied to the surface of a carved woodblock using brushes. The carving process is repeated in order to produce a carved woodblock for each of the colors to be printed. The kento helps align each individual woodblock during the printing process. Finally a special orientation reference mark known as a kento is engraved into the block. A carver's knife is used to carve the picture from the inner portion moving outward (starting at the center). Such areas shall remain raised (uncarved during the carving process).Ī hanshita drawing is pasted to a woodblock and the woodblock is then placed on the carving table. Once a hanshita drawing is created for each color, those areas to which that color is to be applied when printing are indicated using a light vermilion shading. In that multiple colors will be applied to the artwork one at a time during the printing process, one copy of the hanshita is required for each color to be used. The original drawing, known as a hanshita, is a simple draft on thin paper which is created using black ink only. March 9th, 2007 (National Certification) ■Traditional Technologies and Techniques ■Main Areas of Manufacture Taito Ward, Arakawa Ward, Bunkyo Ward ■Designation/Certification Dates December 17th, 1993 (Tokyo Certification)
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